Ch 21 Before WWI                                              Name ______________________

__1.-European life in the late 19th Century     

A)  Changed little from life in the earlier part of the century     

B)     Was far less prosperous because of the great destruction during the major wars of the 1850's     

C)    Saw many changes, from big business to subways to scientific advances such as evolution     

D)  Was very    unhealthy as no progress had been made for a century on the causes and cures for diseases

E)  Did not change as much as life in the preceding century

__ 2.-The "Second Industrial Revolution" occurred primarily in             

A)  Southern and Eastern Europe                                              B)  India and Vietnam     

C)  Britain, Germany, France, and the United States      D)  Africa                     E)  Russia and Mongolia.

__ 3.-The major cities of Europe in the late 19th century     

A)     Were neglected by the governments, so that the poor living conditions and overcrowding of the early 19th century became worse     

B)  Underwent major    transformations, with new boulevards, parks, subways, and government buildings     C)  Were mostly destroyed in the major 19th century wars and had to be rebuilt     

D)  We built around a common central business district              E)  None of the above

__ 4.-Inhabitants of late 19th century cities

A)     Tended to be almost entirely factory workers

B)     Were sharply divided between aristocratic elite and the unemployed poor, with few people in between

C) Had a full range of social classes-urban elite, upper and lower middle classes, and factory workers

D)  Tended to come from the Middle East                                 E)  None

__ 5.-In late 19th century European cities, working women tended to be part of     

A)  The aristocratic elite only                              B)  The upper middle and lower middle classes     

C)  Lower middle class and factory working class     D) Factory working class only

E)  The upper bourgeoisie

__ 6.-European middle classes     

A)    Were shrinking as the working class grew, demonstrating the accuracy of Marx's prediction     

B)     Acted as a solid class, with no distinction between an upper and a lower middle class     

C)    Became an increasingly larger share of the urban population     

D)  Merged with the working    class to create a situation of revolutionary violence

E)  Established themselves as officers in the local militas

__ 7.-Late 19th century women     

A)    Generally were confined to the home                                   B)  Generally had to join the working class     

C)Generally were permitted to undertake charitable work     

D)    Found their situation dictated by their class, on whether they worked or participated in other public activities

E)     Fought along side of men in the military

__ 8.-Working class families in late 19th century Europe     

A)  Paid strong attention to their children                       B)  Never had the mother work outside the home     

C)Were often forced by economic necessity to adopt patterns of behavior that often deviated from the family ideals of the time     

D)  Had more children than families in Ancient Egypt     E)  None of the above

_ 9.-The general mood of the late 19th century can be described as optimistic because     

A)     There was general scientific progress, both in making fundamental discoveries and producing useful inventions     

B)     Of healthier sexual attitudes caused by Victorian morality     

C)    Of the decline in alcoholism toward the end of the 19th century     

D)  Of the increase inn airplane traffic                E)  All of the above

__ 10.-Charles Darwin  

A)    Invented the idea of evolution  

B)     Claimed that humans were exempt from the evolutionary process

C)  Argued that evolution proceeds by means of natural selection                       D)  All     E)  None

__ 11.-The ideas of Herbert Spencer and others to apply Darwin's thesis to human behavior is known as     

            A)  Positivism     B)  Social Darwinism     C)  Evolutionary Christianity     D)  The theory of Relativity

__ 12.-The late 19th century scientist who developed the Periodic Table of chemical elements was     

            A)  Mendeleev     B)  Ranke     C)  Huxley     D)  Holmes     E)  Mendell

__ 13.-A new intellectual discipline, founded by Auguste Comte in the 19th century, was     

            A)  Geography     B)  Sociology     C)  History     D)  Philosophy    E)  Medall

__ 14.-Numerous advances in medicine occurred during the 19th century. The basic discovery that permitted

            those advances was     

A)  Pasteur's discovery of bacteria                    B)  Einstein's discovery of relativity     

C)  Darwin's demonstration of evolution            D)  Crick and Watson's demonstration of the structure of DNA

E)  Uncle Ben’s rice

__ 15.-The word that is most often used to describe late 19th century European literature is     

A)  Realism     B)  Classicism     C)  Renaissance     D)  Postmodernism                        E)  Renaissance

__ 16.-The word that describes much of the important art of the late 19th century is     

A)  Scientism     B)  Impressionism     C)  Postmodernism     D)  Classicism       E)  Renaissance

__ 17.-Claude Monet     

A)  Was an Impressionist painter whose works remained virtually unsold during his life  

B)     Was the foremost sculptor of the late 19th century     

C)    Was an impressionist painter who became recognized as France's premier artist, with his works commanding high prices     

D)  Was an important late 19th C scientist                     E)  Developed the Gothic style in art

__ 18.-Sigmund Freud argued that

A)    Human behavior is totally rational     

B)  Much of human behavior was irrational, unconscious, and instinctual

C)  Children did not develop sexual conflicts      D)  Nature v Nurture   E)  None

__ 19.-Popularity of such late 19th and early 20th C thinkers such as Nietzsche and Bergson indicated

A.     That scientific modes of thinking had triumphed in Eur 

B) That there was growing disenchantment with the       optimistic bourgeois society of the time

C)  That male society was beginning to accept feminist ideas    

            D)  None of the above              E)  All of the above

__ 20.-A 19th century thinker who demonstrated great disenchantment with the optimism of the bourgeoisie of

            his time was     A)  Nietzsche     B)  Einstein     C)  Darwin     D)  Monet     E)  Calvin Klein

__ 21.-The late 19th -early 20th century artistic movement that led to subjective and abstract art is called     

            A)  Classicism     B)  Neo-Classicism     C)  Romanticism     D)  Expressionism    E)  Baroque

_____________ 22. .-The major technological changes of the late 19th century have been termed the _.

_____________23.-19th C Paris underwent major reconstruction by Baron Haussmann under the direction of __.

_____________24.-In the late 19th C schoolteachers, postal workers, and clerks were generally grouped in the _

class.

___________________ 25.-The emphasis in the late 19th century on family life meant that the ? often became the

true center of life.

_____________26.-A playwright who wrote about how bourgeois society restricted women was

_________________ 27.-Artistic movement of the late 19th century that emphasized subjective, often abstract

                                    paintings was