___ 1.

Europeans desired many products from Asia. Choose the incorrect product     

A)  Pepper     B)  Silk     C)  Tobacco     D)  Fine carpets

___ 2.

The Venetian who traveled to China and who wrote a book of his experiences was     

A)  Marco Polo     B)  Vasco da Gama     C)  Prester John     D)  Christopher Columbus

___ 3.

The great ancient Greek geographer, Ptolemy, provided early explorers with their ideas about the world, but he made some major and misleading errors. Choose the correct error

A)  He thought the world was flat, shaped like a plate   

B)  He overestimated the size of the land area of the world and underestimated the overall size of the

      earth by about 1/6     

C)  He believed that longitude and latitude were useless in exploration     

D)  He believed that the tropical oceans were so hot that no ship could sail in them

___ 4.

A major reason for European exploration was     

A)  To determine whether the earth was round or flat by looking for its edge     

B)  To prove the Ptolemy's idea of the size of the earth was wrong     

C)  To establish a direct trade route with the sources for silks and spices and bypass Islamic middlemen     D)  To test their new ships, sails, and navigational equipment

___ 5.

The first European country to undertake exploration was

A) Germany B) Russia  C)  Spain D)  Portugal

___ 6.

Portuguese exploration accomplished all of the following except     

A)  Rounding Africa to reach India     B)  Discovering Prester John  

C)  Establishing a string of outposts to control the spice trade

D)  Striking a dramatic blow to the Moslem economy by challenging its shipping monopoly in the     

       Indian Ocean

___ 7.

European exploration was made easier by     

A)  The collapse of Islamic empires     B)  The great success of the Crusades     

C)  Improved ships, sails, and navigational equipment     D)  All of the above

___ 8.

Christopher Columbus

A)  Made only one voyage to the New World

B)  Was an excellent administrator of the lands he discovered, doing so well that he died rich

C)  Always believed that he had arrived on the outskirts of Asia, not far from the great and wealthy Asian empires  D)  All of the above

___ 9.

Sevastien Elcano completed the voyage around the world commenced by the following explorer, who was killed in a local war in the Philippines     

A)  Vasco Nuñez de Balboa  B)  Bartholomeu Dias  C)  Henry the Navigator  D)  Ferdinand Magellan

___ 10.

All of the following were true of Northern European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries except     A)  The Cabots found huge numbers of cod but their voyage was considered a failure because it neither

      reached Asia nor returned with spices    

B)  In their explorations, the French, Dutch, and English agreed to abide by the restrictions agreed to by

      Spain and Portugal in the Treaty of Tordesillas     

C)  The Dutch fought the Portuguese in the Indian Ocean and took over the latter's monopoly of the

      spice trade     

D)  An important part of this exploration was a search for a passage through North America

___ 11.

The New World Agriculture developed in Central Mexico around 5500 B.C. spread slowly because     A)  It was difficult for crops to spread north and south because different latitudes yield different

      growing seasons     

B)  Nearby hunting tribes resented agriculture as a threat to their traditional way of life     

C)  The principal crops, maize and beans, were very hard to grow     D)  All of the above

___ 12.

European exploration led to major developments in map-making, including the famous map projection that permitted sailors to plot straight-line courses, a projection developed by     

A)  Ptolemy     B)  Mercator     C)  Merian     D)  Vespucci

___ 13.

Potato became the agricultural basis of Incan civilization because  

A)  It grew in the high mountains, permitting enough food for a dense population in what otherwise

        would have been an inhospitable environment

B)  Once planted, potatoes needed little care, permitting people to undertake great building projects

C)  Potatoes could be dried for long-term storage, reducing the possibility of famine

D)  All of the above

___ 14.

Cortez and Pizarro were able to conquer the Aztec and the Inca empires because     

A)  The religious beliefs of the Aztecs and Incas inclined them to pacifism     

B)  The Spaniards outnumbered their opponents by at least two to one     

C)  The Spaniards possessed guns and steel weapons and were partially immune to the diseases that

        devastated the Indian population     D)  All of the above

___ 15.

The tale of Maria Sybilla Merian tells us the following about both scientific interest and the New World     A)  How woman of talent and curiosity could be frustrated by a radical religious sect such as Labadists     

B)  How previously unknown plants and animals of the New World could stimulate the discipline of

       Natural History     

C)  Why so many persons of scientific talent had so little interest in the New World     

D)  The impossibility for a 16th century woman to have an opportunity to study the plants and animals

       of the New World in their original settings.

___ 16.

African slavery in America was based on raising cash crops for export. Several crops were raised by slave labor but the outstanding crop was     A)  Tobacco     B)  Rice     C)  Cotton     D)  Sugar

___ 17.

Between 1550 and 1700 European states     

A)  Relied on the Spanish, Turkish, and Chinese navies to suppress piracy in their respective areas of

     influence     

B)  Grew rapidly because of the new crop soybean

C)  Systematically tried to suppress piracy throughout the world     

D)  Often commissioned individuals as "privateers" to raid the shipping of competing nations, often

      without engaging in a formal war     

___ 18.

Christian missionaries to Asia     

A)  Failed to achieve any conversions to Christianity     

B)  Often tended to present Christianity in native forms, with priests dressed as Buddhists in Japan,

      Brahmins in India, Confucians in China     

C)  Adapted the same haughty attitude toward local customs as they did in America     

D)  Enslaved Asians in the same way that they enslaved Native Americans

___ 19.

Christian missionaries to the New World     

A)  Ordained as priests only persons of Indian, African and mixed ancestry     

B)  Emphasized conversion of Africans rather than of Native Americans     

C)  By and large failed to convert Native Americans     

D)  Were aided by the claim of Juan Diego to have seen the Virgin of Guadalupe

___ 20.

Work roles in the 16th century were redefined because

A) Work began to lose its association with family and became more linked to the public political arena,

      leading to fewer work opportunities and less economic influence for women

B)  Use of tobacco made workplace unhealthy

C) Growth of trade and exploration led to shortage of men, permitting greater opportunities for women     D) Large numbers of African slaves were imported into Eur, increasing unemployment among

       Europeans

___ 21.

The major reason for the great inflation of the 16th century seems to be     

A)  The consequences of the Bubonic Plague           B)  The disruptions caused by the Mongol invasions     C)  The great influx of silver from the New World   D)  The greed of 16th century merchants

___ 22.

In the "Commercial Revolution" of the 16th Century, all of the following occurred except 

A) Govt reduced trade barriers and economic regulation     B)  There was a major inflation     

C)  A commercial capitalism complete with joint-stock companies developed     

D)  European markets expanded enormously as a result of exploration

___ 23.

Basic principle of Mercantilism was that 

A) international commerce could be greatly expanded by major international economic cooperation

B) all matters of trade should be left to private, individual interests rather than to government dictation C) the amount of the world's wealth was fixed, so that one country could increase its trade and

      manufacturing only at the expense of others  D)  None of the above

___ 24.

All of the following were mercantilistic policies pursued by governments except     

A)  Forbidding imports of luxury goods because their purchase drained gold and silver away from the

     mother country     

B)  Encouraging high wages to increase national purchasing power     

C)  Founding colonies to create markets for national products     

D)  Enacting laws to insure favorable balances of trade

___ 25.

Influx of gold and silver into Europe during the 16th century  

A)  Permitted major tax relief for Spanish taxpayers     

B)  Permitted great profits for Italian and German merchants     

C)  Led Spanish kings to engage in so many expensive wars that Spain suffered repeated bankruptcies     D)  None of the above

___ 26.

Bartholomeu Dias was the first Portuguese sailor to reach India.     A)  True    B)  False

___ 27.

Even after 4 voyages to the New World, Columbus was convinced that he had reached Asia. A) T B) F

___ 28.

Disease was a major factor facilitating the Spanish conquests in the New World.     A)  True    B)  False

___ 29.

The major precious metal mined in colonial Hispanic America was silver.     A)  True    B)  False

___ 30.

Jesuit missionaries to Asia often presented themselves as members of Asian rather than Western culture.     A)  True    B)  False

___ 31.

Mercantilist economists assumed that the amount of trade in the world was static, so that a country could increase its trade wealth only by diminishing that of others.     A)  True    B)  False

___ 32.

Mercantilist rulers were not interested in a favorable balance of trade.     A)  True    B)  False