Ch 4 Bernstein

Anthony's ears picked up waves of sound energy that were converted to neural impulses that his brain understood to be the voice of his mother calling him to stop playing and come in for dinner. The process by which the sound waves were converted into a message that his brain could perceive is called

 

Which of the following can be explained by the fact that connections from the olfactory bulb are especially prevalent in the amygdala?

                        A. Whenever Anthony smelled ammonia, he felt nauseous.

                        B. Whenever Bonnie smelled a flower, she sneezed.

                        C. Whenever Darlene smelled mothballs, she felt sad.

                        D. Whenever Mike smelled the bread baking in the oven, he became hungry.

 

At the restaurant, Joy sensed umami when she tasted which of the following?

                        A. The MSG in the sweet and sour soup  B. The soy sauce that she sprinkled over the egg roll

                        C. The green tea                                          D. The sugar in the fortune cookie

 

When Julio first placed the engagement ring on her finger, Carla was acutely aware of its presence against her skin. Now, a week later, she finds herself constantly checking to make sure that it's still on her finger. The    fact that she no longer senses its presence is explained by the phenomenon of

 

While enjoying a concert, Steve hears a sound wave that has high amplitude and low frequency. What kind of    sound is Steve hearing?

 

Blair and Paula are enjoying a clear, beautiful day at the beach. When they look at the blue sky, which   photoreceptors are most active?

 

Blair and Paula are spending the day at the beach. If they stare at the blue sky for a long time and then look        at their white beach towel, what color will they see, according to the opponent-process theory of color vision?              A. Yellow  B. Red  C. Green  D. Black

 

Edie displayed synesthesia when she claimed that

            A. the water was no longer freezing after being in the pool for five minutes.

            B. she saw a blue banana after staring at a yellow one for a long time before looking down at the white                           tablecloth.

            C. she saw no difference in the color of a red rose and its stem.

            D. she saw the color yellow upon hearing the music of a flute.

 

Elliot is a "supertaster." Accordingly, when he takes a bite of broccoli, he will

 

Since most Mexican food is spicy, it is also likely that

                        A. Mexicans are genetically predisposed to have a higher tolerance for pain.

                        B. Mexicans have less papillae than people in other countries.

                        C. Mexicans are born with taste receptors that are less sensitive than those of other people.

                        D. Mexico has a climate that promotes bacterial contamination.

 

First, the babysitter picked up the teddy bear and gave it to the baby. Then, when the baby kept crying, she       picked the baby up and walked with her around the room. The babysitter was able to correctly sense that   the baby weighed more than the teddy bear because the

                        A. teddy bear caused more neurons in her skin to fire than did the baby, and they fired at a faster                                               rate than the ones stimulated by the baby.

                        B. baby caused fewer neurons in the skin to fire than the teddy bear did, but those neurons fired                                                 at a faster rate than the ones stimulated by the teddy bear.

                        C. baby caused more neurons to fire than the teddy bear did, and those neurons fired at a faster                                                 rate than the ones stimulated by the teddy bear.

                        D. baby caused more neurons to fire than the teddy bear did, but those neurons fired at a slower                                                rate than the ones stimulated by the teddy bear.

 

Even though her knee was injured, Melanie continued to run and finished the marathon. The fact that she            remained totally oblivious to the pain until she crossed the finish line was most likely due to

                        A. A-delta fibers.           B. C fibers.      C. endorphins.              D. naloxone.

 

Martin was blindfolded and spun in a circle several times. Because Martin's balance had been impaired, he         fell down and found it difficult to get up.

Which of Martin's senses did the spinning affect?

 

With his eyes closed, Darren can bring his index finger to touch the tip of his nose. This is due to receptors         in

 

If a person woke up one morning and found that she had lost her sense of kinesthesia, she would not be able      to

 

When light strikes a photoreceptor, it is converted into neural activity. What is this conversion process    called?              A. Perception   B. Transduction     C. Adaptation               D. Accommodation

 

Ryan has been diagnosed with nerve deafness. Which of the following auditory structures has been         damaged?    A. The pinna   B. The ear canal     C. The eardrum       D. The cochlea

 

By turning up the brightness knob on a television, we increase what characteristic of the light on the screen?

            A. Wavelength  B. Purity          C. Frequency   D. Intensity

 

While Kevin was dressing for his big date with Robyn, the power went out in his apartment, so he dressed in      the dark. Later that night, Robyn noticed that Kevin was wearing one black sock and one navy blue         sock. "It's true that I dressed in the dark," Kevin said, "but I don't understand how I could have made            such a silly mistake." Robyn explained that the photoreceptors active in low light are unable to           discriminate colors.

What are those photoreceptors?

                        A. Rods           B. Ganglion cells           C. Cones          D. Pupils

 

Damage to which of the following structures would inhibit the transduction of light into neural activity?

                        A. The pupil     B. The lens       C. The cornea  D. The retina

 

Cones enable us to see

 

Sensory nerves carry information from the receptors to the cerebral cortex by way of the thalamus. This is          true for all of the senses EXCEPT for the sense of A. hearing. B. smell. C. taste. D. touch.

 

Transduction occurs in which part of the ear?

 

Hair cells, the receptors for sound energy are located on which part of the inner ear?

 

Which of the following persons has conduction deafness?

            A. Amy, who has a damaged cochlea.   B. Paul, whose deafness involves damage to the hair cells.

            C. Cynthia, whose hammer, anvil, and stirrup are fused together.

            D. Dave, whose hearing problem involves the auditory nerve.

 

Which cells extend from the retina to the brain? A. Bipolar cells   B. Cones  C. Ganglion cells  D. Rods

 

The blind spot is located in the

 

When Blair and Paula go to the beach, Paula looks at the sky and says, "That sky is pure blue!" By saying          the color is pure, Paula is referring to which characteristic of the color?

 

The properties of ________ are described by the trichromatic theory whereas the properties of ________ are described by opponent-process theory.

 

Which of the following people is sending information primarily to his olfactory bulb?

                        A. Barry, who is watching a movie        B. Bert, who is listening to music

                        C. Barney, who is smelling a flower       D. Brent, who is petting his dog

 

Norman is a "nontaster" and his sister Sarah is a "supertaster." It follows therefore that

            A. Norman can only taste four basic food sensations, whereas Sarah can taste six.

            B. Sarah is more likely to overeat.         C. Sarah has more taste buds.

            D. Sarah tends to chew her food longer before swallowing it.

 

Capsaicin is a

 

During a game of softball, Gilda slid into a base and banged her knee.

According to the gate control theory        of pain, which of the following should Gilda do to decrease the intensity of pain in her knee?

               A. Rub the area around her wound     B. Drink an entire glass of ice water while pinching her nose shut

                C. Lie down and be very still D. Scream as loud as she can

 

Which of the following sensory systems is propriceptive?

            A. Kinesthesia              B. The sense of hearing C. The sense of smell    D. The sense of touch

 

In the park, after numerous spins on the "Whirly Dervish" ride, little Blair felt quite nauseous. That's        because the vestibular system is connected to the

            A. cerebellum.              B. autonomic nervous system.   C. eye muscles. D. somatic nervous system.

 

Earrings are normally worn on which part of the ear?

 

As Therese listened to the Live Bait '98 compact disc, a wave was carried through her cochlea, stimulating         some, but not all, auditory receptors. The stimulated auditory receptors sent a message to her brain that     the sound to which she was listening was of a particular pitch. This description of Therese's experience         is most consistent with which theory of hearing?

 

A flute and an oboe play the same note at the same loudness. The sound made by the oboe is thick and rich       whereas that made by the flute sounds pure.

The difference between the two sounds is due to the       psychological property known as

 

Bianca is doing needlepoint. Whenever she needs to closely focus on the canvas, the muscles surrounding the     lens of her eye ________ to make the lens ________.

 

In theater class, Joey was assigned to work the spotlights. There is a spotlight for every hue. His friend, Lara      asked him to shine a white light on her. Joey was able to do it even though there was no white spotlight.      How did he do it?

                        A. Through additive color mixing by shining all the different spotlights at once.

                        B. Through additive color mixing by shining the black and the gray spotlights.

                        C. Through subtractive color mixing by shining all the different spotlights at once.

                        D. Through subtractive color mixing by shining the black and the gray spotlights.