Ch 8 Psychology Myers

Through direct experience with animals, we come to anticipate that dogs will bark and that birds will chirp.

 This best illustrates:

Pavlov noticed that dogs began salivating at the mere sight of the person who regularly brought food to them.

For the dogs, the sight of this person was a(n):

Blinking in response to a puff of air directed to your eye is a(n):

Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) ________ comes after a(n) _____.

Long after her conditioned fear of spiders had been extinguished, Marcy experienced an unexpected surge of

nervousness when first shown her cousin's new pet tarantula. Her unexpected nervousness best illustrates:

A year after surviving a classroom shooting incident, Matthew Birnie still responded with terror at the sight

of toy guns and to the sound of balloons popping. This reaction best illustrates:

The predictability of an association between a CS and a UCS facilitates an organism's ability to anticipate the

occurrence of the UCS. This fact is most likely to be highlighted by a(n) ________ perspective.

The law of effect was most clearly highlighted by:

In teaching her son to play basketball, Mrs. Richards initially reinforces him with praise for simply dribbling

while standing still, then only for walking while dribbling, and finally only for running while dribbling. She is using a procedure known as:

If the onset of a light reliably signals the onset of food, a rat in a Skinner box will work to turn on the light.

 In this case, the light is a ________ reinforcer.

Amos plays the slot machine for hours at a time. The monetary winnings dispensed to him by the machine

 provide an example of ________ reinforcement.

Airline frequent flyer programs that reward customers with a free flight after every 25,000 miles of travel

            illustrate the use of a ________ schedule of reinforcement.

Because she has oversight responsibility for the servicing and repair of her company's fleet of cars, Rhonda

frequently calls the garage mechanic to inquire whether service on various cars has been completed. She is likely to be reinforced with positive responses to her inquiries on a ________ schedule.

The overjustification effect involves the loss of:

If one chimpanzee watches a second chimp solve a puzzle for a food reward, the first chimp may thereby

 learn how to solve the puzzle. This best illustrates:

If you have frightening experience immediately after hearing a strange sound, your fear may be aroused

when you hear that sound again. This best illustrates:

Researchers condition a flatworm to contract when exposed to light by repeatedly pairing the light with

 electric shock. The electric shock is a(n):

You repeatedly hear a tone just before having a puff of air directed to your eye. Blinking to the tone

 presented without an air puff is a(n):

People have been observed to form negative attitudes toward Pokémon characters who were repeatedly

 shown with negative words and images next to them. This best illustrates the impact of:

One psychologist recalled that the smell of onion breath no longer trigged sexual arousal after the smell was

 no longer paired with his girlfriend's kisses. This best illustrates:            

After being bitten by his neighbor's dog, Miguel experienced fear at the sight of that dog but not at the sight

 of other dogs. This best illustrates the process of:

If you get violently ill a couple of hours after eating contaminated food, you will probably develop an

aversion to the taste of that food but not to the sight of the restaurant where you ate or to the sound of the music you heard there. This best illustrates that associative learning is constrained by:

If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels, they will repeat the trick in anticipation of

 more attention. This best illustrates:

Matt regularly buckles his seat belt simply because it turns off the car's irritating warning buzzer. This best

 illustrates the value of:

A word of praise is to a soothing backrub as ________ is to ________.

For professional baseball players, swinging at a pitched ball is reinforced with a home run on a _ schedule.

During a typical morning, Colin checks the clock frequently before being reinforced with confirmation that

the time for his regularly scheduled lunch break has arrived. In this case, Colin's behavior is reinforced on a ________ schedule.